China called for a cease-fire and peace talks between Ukraine and Russia, in a vaguely worded proposal released Friday that analysts said was unlikely to deliver results.
Beijing claims to have a neutral stance in the war that began one year ago, but has also said it has a "no limits friendship" with Russia and has refused to criticizeits invasion of Ukraine, or even refer to it as an invasion. It has accused the West of provoking the conflict and "fanning the flames" by providing Ukraine with defensive arms.
The plan released by China's Foreign Ministry mainly reiterated long-held positions and analysts said Beijing would be an unlikely broker.
It calls for the "sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of all countries" to be respected, but does not say what will happen to the territory Russia has occupied since the invasion. It also calls for an end to "unilateral" sanctions on Russia, indirectly criticizes the expansion of the NATO alliance, and condemns threats of nuclear force.
The proposal is "an attempt for public relations on the part of China," said Li Mingjiang, a professor and international security expert at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University. "I'm not convinced that this policy is going to improve their credibility in being an honest broker."
Speaking after China issued the paper, but without referring to it, Zhanna Leshchynska, charge d'affaires at the Ukrainian embassy in Beijing, said her country doesn't want peace at any price.
It's been 1 year since Russia invaded Ukraine
The Ukrainian resistance, backed by American-led Western support, was fierce. Russia's plans for invasion and the fall of Ukraine were shattered.
"We will not agree to anything that keeps Ukrainian territories occupied and puts our people at the aggressor's mercy," Leshchynska said in an address to a gathering at the EU mission to China marking the anniversary of the invasion.
There was no immediate official response from Moscow, but Leonid Slutsky, a senior Russian lawmaker, hailed the plan, saying it contains moves that would mark "an end of the hegemony of the collective West.
In Germany, a major ally of Ukraine, government spokesman Wolfgang Buchner said the Chinese proposal contained several important points, but was missing a key one: "first and foremost the withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukraine."
China abstained Thursday when the U.N. General Assembly approved a nonbinding resolution that calls for Russia to end hostilities in Ukraine and withdraw its forces.
In addition to calling for sovereignty to be respected and sanctions against Russia to end, the 12-point paper urges measures to prevent attacks on civilians and civilian facilities, keep nuclear facilities safe, establish humanitarian corridors for civilians and ensure the export of grain after disruptions pushed up global food prices. It also called for an end to "Cold War mentality" — China's standard term for what it regards as U.S. hegemony, and maintenance of alliances such as NATO.
"Dialogue and negotiation are the only viable solution to the Ukraine crisis." the proposal said. It offered no details on what form talks should take but said "China will continue to play a constructive role in this regard."
1 year into war, United Nations is still searching for resolutions
Since Russia invaded Ukraine one year ago, the United Nations has continuously taken steps to stop the violence, but none have worked.
Responding Friday to questions about the proposal, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said the country's actions show it is "committed to peace talks," and faulted Beijing's critics for doing too little encourage negotiations.
China's efforts to walk the line on its support for Russia — backing it but not too much — could mean that neither Moscow nor Kyiv would be enthusiastic about having it as a mediator.
While neither side is likely to pay much heed to the Chinese proposal, Beijing needed to clarify its stance, said Shi Yinhong, a professor of international relations at Beijing's Renmin University.
"China feels it necessary to repeat its self-perceived neutrality at this juncture, to save some international inference by not only criticizing NATO but also distinguishing itself from Russia's behavior," Shi said.
The U.S. recently said that China may be preparing to provide Russia with military aid, an allegation Wang has called "nothing more than slander and smears."
On Friday he referred to a "massive disinformation in this respect against China."
The spokesperson was responding to a report in German magazine Der Spiegel that Russia's military was negotiating with a small Chinese drone manufacturer for the "components and know-how" to allow the country to manufacture about 100 suicide drones a month.
The proposal comes as U.S.-China relations have hit a historic low over Taiwan, disputes over trade and technology, human rights and China's aggressive actions in the South China Sea.
State Department spokesman Ned Price said Thursday that the U.S. would reserve judgment on the proposal but that China's allegiance with Russia meant it was not a neutral mediator.
"We would like to see nothing more than a just and durable peace," he said. "But we are skeptical that reports of a proposal like this will be a constructive path forward."
Additional reporting by The Associated Press.
